Tico Code of the Road - Costa Rica Driving

It doesn’t take long to realize that there is a different code of the road in Costa Rica – at least if you want to survive it better not take too long…

Traffic Lights, Yield and Stop Signs

Check out a few cars at a few corners and you soon catch on that traffic controls carry one less level of authority here.

Stop sign plus traffic light — At first, intersections like this one are disconcerting. If you didn’t notice there is a traffic light ***and*** a stop sign.

The octagonal red sign with “alto” printed on it translates as stop, and in some places that’s what drivers do when they encounter one. In Costa Rica however this sign means slow down, proceed with caution, in other words the same thing that a yield sign means in the rest of the world.

Similarly, a red traffic light seems to mean pause then proceed if there is an opening – suspiciously like what drivers do at a stop sign in the rest of the world.

Oddly the government seems to conspire in this behavior; they have even invented a new traffic control that is used all over the country. It is a traffic light PLUS a stop sign at the same intersection.

Some cynics claim the highway department just didn’t bother to remove the stop sign when the light was installed but we believe the combination of devices carries a higher level of authority. When the light is red, and there is a stop sign present, drivers stop and wait for it to turn green before proceeding.

When the light is green the stop sign seems to be reduced to the normal meaning of a yield sign. Do not stop at a stop sign with a green light or you’ll probably be rear ended.

Waste Not Want Not – Spare Signs

Another thing you’ll soon notice is the highway department never wastes a perfectly good sign by removing it. All over the country signs warn of bridges out, missing lanes and other hazards years after the damage has been repaired or replaced. Some say it’s because they know the repairs are very low quality and the road will be out again soon anyway…

Also see “traffic light + stop sign” above…

Arrows – Which Way is Up?

Left and right may be confused with straight ahead. In the U.S. and elsewhere an arrow pointing up on a sign is used to indicate straight ahead. Costa Rica has a different convention -arrows pointing left or right may mean straight ahead or left or right…

One explanation we’ve heard is that the arrow points at the road leading to your destination. In other words if the sign is on the right shoulder (actually in the big ditch on the right side of the road because there are no shoulders) then the arrow points to the left to indicate the road running past the sign is the one you want.

Another theory is that a left pointing or right pointing arrow indicates which direction you will turn after you’ve driven another 15 km straight ahead.

It still confuses the crap out of me and I take the next turn where the arrow is pointing even though I know it’s wrong and I should continue straight.

One Way (Sentido Unico or Senso Unico)

One way streets are very common and sometimes marked with an arrow showing the direction of travel or a sign saying “No Hay Paso” (do not enter).

Sometimes you just have to guess. Typically streets in downtown areas alternate direction and if the previous intersection was one way to the left the road you’re approaching will be one way to the right.

Parked cars are not necessarily a reliable clue to allowed directions of travel since you can be on a two-way street and still see parked cars facing you on both sides of the street or on a one way with cars facing both directions.

Wrong Way on Freeway — …a police vehicle on the wrong side of the freeway divider driving straight into three oncoming trucks… in this case, photoshop, but it does really happen. Just last week we saw two buses that collided head on on the divided highway in front of the SJO airport.

Law Enforcement

You thought you were the only one on the road then suddenly out of nowhere there are red and blue flashing lights in your rear view mirror. Of course you don’t have the faintest idea what the speed limit actually is because it bounces up and down like a yo-yo and your stomach sinks as you realize there’s probably a speeding citation in your future.

Fortunately for you in Costa Rica the flashing lights often don’t mean anything at all. Police and especially ambulances nearly always have their lights on. I’m pretty certain the only time I’ve seen an emergency vehicle without flashing lights was because the bulbs had burned out.

Historically the police didn’t have vehicles capable of overtaking speeding drivers (picture two large uniformed officers on a 125cc motorcycle – remember the movie “Dumb and Dumber”?) so they developed a technique of waiting in the shade by the roadside then stepping in front of the offending driver and and waving them over. Occasionally an officer is run over and killed but the technique persists.Double Yellow “No Passing” Zones

One reader wrote in that they had determined that the most likely function of double yellow lines down the middle of the road in Costa Rica was to indicate a teeny tiny little motorcycle lane.

Double yellow lines have little impact on whether drivers will try to pass or not so expect oncoming traffic in your lane – always – everywhere.

Many of the roads in Costa Rica are narrow and winding, and they can be quite dangerous. Buses in particular are notorious for passing on blind curves, and guardrails are few and far between. If you hear honking on a mountain road it may indicate that someone is coming at you, in your lane around the next curve. Fog and heavy rain frequently reduce visibility.

Hairpin Turns Costa Rica Road — Switchbacks on the road up to San Vito

This insane behavior has decreased slightly in the past few years since a new law was passed setting the fine for illegal passing at about $800…per vehicle passed.

Danger!

If oncoming traffic flashes their headlights it means there’s either and accident, landslide or speed trap coming up and you should slow down.

If you see a branch or pile of sticks laying in the road, slow down! This is the Tico version of a road flare and indicates danger ahead. Sometimes this danger can be as serious as a missing bridge over a 200-foot drop. Although a law was passed ten years ago setting a $500 fine for not carrying a reflective triangle in every vehicle you’re still likely to see a pile of sticks.

A branch or pole standing beside the road and topped with an old boot, pop bottle or rag is a semi-permanent warning that the pavement is eroded and part of the lane has fallen into the ravine. Slow down and be prepared to yield to oncoming traffic if necessary.

Left (Izquierda) and Right (Derecha)

“Keep Right Except to Pass” and “Slower Traffic Keep Right” seem to mean the opposite in Costa Rica.

The slower a vehicle is moving the more likely they are to stay in the left lane. If you want to get around that mango truck when a passing lane appears on a hill you better be ready to move to the right.

The Long & Winding (& curving & twisting) Road – aka “Straight Ahead” (Directo)

When Ticos give directions they frequently use the phrase “directo, directo, directo” which literally means “straight, straight, straight” but actually means turn left, curve right, make a u-turn around a hairpin winding around endlessly but always follow the “main” road. How do you know which one is the “main” road? Well it’s the one leading to your destination of course.

One Lane Bridges – CEDA EL PASO

One lane bridges are common in Costa Rica. One end or the other (usually) has a CEDA EL PASO sign in the international standard “yield” red and white triangle. The driver with the ceda sign is required to stop and wait until all oncoming traffic has cleared the bridge. If you approach from the non-ceda side and there is already a vehicle on the bridge approaching from the ceda side you are required to stop and wait until all oncoming traffic has cleared the bridge.

One Lane Bridge CEDA EL PASSO — The Río Ora south of Sámara between playas Carrillo and Camaronal used to be one of the most likely places in Costa Rica to float your rental car downstream to complete destruction. A new Bailey bridge is far less exciting and adventurous but there’s still a side road down to the ford if you want to try your luck.

Do not be the jerk that zooms onto the bridge to try to make the other guy back up and when it inevitably happens to you just back up.

Drunk Drivers

It’s been estimated that (especially in beach areas) at least 1 out of 10 drivers on the road on weekend evenings are legally drunk. Weeknights it drops to about 1 out of 20.

Road Fatalities & Seatbelts

Since 2004 a government sponsored program has COSEVI (the highway department) paint giant yellow hearts topped by a halo in the road at the site of fatal traffic accidents.

They use the same painted heart but without the halo and crossed with a diagonal band representing a seat belt to remind drivers to buckle-up.

It’s Official – Stop Lights are Stop Signs – Article 104 Ley de Tránsito 9078

In 2015 the transit law was modified to make it official…at least half the time. After 10:00 pm red lights are considered the same as stops signs. Red lights were officially given the green light when it was reported that the director of highway safety announced that there would be no enforcement after ten pm and drivers should make their own decision about what is safe.

Of course this introduced a problem because as noted above a lot of drivers considered stop signs the same as yield signs…so by the transitive theorem (If two things are each congruent to a third thing, then they’re congruent to each other) a red light now just means slow down a little but drive right through the intersection.

In 2019 MOPT rolled out a big public education campaign to explain that just because the law downgrades a signal to a stop sign doesn’t mean the culture is allowed to knock it down another level to yield. Officially you must stop at the red lights and proceed if it is clear.

Flying Down the Road

Shock absorber commercials show the magic of rhythm on gravel roads. The car and its passengers gliding smoothly down the road while the wheels pound up and down like a whack-a-mole on amphetamines. Driving fast to stay on top of the ridges only works on a perfectly spaced washboard at exactly the right speed, but it does work – until you terraplane (the dirt, gravel and dust equivalent of hydroplaning) into a tree…

Costa Rica Guide

travel information and maps

Costa Rican Code of the Road